Solution Phase Synthesis Reagents

StratoSpheres Resin-bound Reagents are polystyrene functionalized resins for use in solution phase synthesis. Resin-bound Reagents perform synthesis in an analogous format to their solution phase equivalent and are added to a reaction mixture at the start of the reaction.

• Applications
• Products

> PL-BH₃(CN) Resin

PL-BH3(CN) Resin is a polymer-bound reducing agent, which is specifically prepared on ion exchange resin that is optimized for small molecule synthesis applications. This resin is suitable for performing the reduction of ketones to secondary alcohols or for reductive aminations. It may also be used for other applications including the formation of phenyl sulfides from a mixture of diphenyldisulfide.

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> PL-BH₄ Resin

PL-BH4 Resin is a polymer bound reducing agent, which is specifically prepared on ion exchange resin that is optimized for small molecule synthesis applications. This resin is suitable for performing the reduction of ketones to secondary alcohols or for reductive aminations. It may also be used for other applications including the formation of phenyl sulfides from a mixture of diphenyldisulfide.

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> PL-Br₃ Resin

PL-Br3 MP-Resin is a polymer supported perbromide reagent which is used for bromination of saturated aldehydes or ketones. a,ß-Unsaturated ketones are converted into the saturated di-bromo product.

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> PL-CO₃ Resin

PL-CO3 Resin is a polymer bound equivalent of carbonate and is designed for neutralization or for quenching reactions. It may also be used for the scavenging of acids. Unlike many commercially available products produced using a coarse ion exchange base resin, the PL-CO3 resin is produced using a specially manufactured macroporous polystyrene ion exchange resin optimized for small molecule synthesis.

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> PL-DCC Resin

A polymer-bound carbodiimide for producing activated acid species. The insoluble urea by-product remains bound to the resin.

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> PL-DIPAM Resin

A high load tertiary amine base.
These polymer supported tertiary amine bases are designed to be used in place of the equivalent free base, thereby facilitating purification by ease of removal after use.
These resins may be used in conjunction with other solid supported reagents or catalysts to promote a particular organic reaction. Multiple component reactions may contain many unreacted species which are best removed by such an approach.

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> PL-DMAP Resin

DMAP is a nucleophilic catalyst for acylation or acetylation reactions. The polymer supported dimethylaminopyridine resin, PL-DMAP, is therefore a versatile reagent for acylations, in amidations or in mesylation of alcohols, for example, and can be readily removed by filtration.

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> PL-EDC Resin

A polymer-supported carbodiimide.
Carbodiimide-based solid supported coupling agents are designed to activate carboxylic acids, for use in amide bond forming reactions, for example. The urea side product that is generated remains bound to the resin and is therefore readily removed by filtration.

Due to the ionic nature of PL-EDC Resin, it is recommended that this material be used in polar solvents. Alternatively the macroporous version should be employed.

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> PL-HCO₃ Resin

PL-HCO3 Resin is a polymer-bound equivalent of hydrogen carbonate and is designed for neutralization or for quenching reactions. It may also be used for scavenging acids. Unlike many commercially avaiable products using a coarse ion exchange base resin, the PL-HCO3 resin is produced using a specially manufactured macroporous polystyrene ion exchange resin optimized for small molecule synthesis.

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> PL-HOBt Resin

The polymer supported hydroxybenzotrizole, PL-HOBt, is a versatile reagent used for the preparation of solid supported active esters, particularly for amide synthesis. More recently, it has also been used to effect transfer of oxycarbonyl-based protecting groups.

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> PL-IBX Amide Resin

PL-IBX Amide provides a practical and economical means for oxidation of a variety of alcohols.
Typical procedure involves reaction of a 2-3 fold excess of PL-IBX with a solution of the corresponding alcohol at room temperature. Reaction time will depend on the reactivity of the alcohol. Recycling of the resin by oxidation may be possible.

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> PL-IIDQ Resin

PL-IIDQ is a polymer supported equivalent of the classical solution phase coupling agent and provides in-situ activation of carboxylic acids. Addition of a mixture of carboxylic acid and amine to solvated PL-IIDQ creates the asymmetrical anhydride which quickly reacts with the amine forming an amide bond. The only by-products created are carbon dioxide and isobutanol.

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> PL-IO₄ Resin

PL-IO4 Resin is a supported oxidizing agent attached to a specially prepared ion exchange resin, optimized for small molecule synthesis applications. Polymer supported periodate is also capable of cleaving 1,2-diols.

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> PL-Mal Resin

Polystyrene supported carboxylic acid is conventionally prepared via lithiation of polstyrene followed by addition of carbon dioxide, or via oxidation of chloromethylpolystyrene. Such materials have been employed as quenching agents following Grignard reactions, for example, decomposing excess organometallic species and simultaneously sequestering the metal ions.
The dual carboxyl functionality of PL-Mal and PL-MeMal resins means they can act as quenching agents but have improved chelating properties. This leads to the possibility of using these products for preparing immobilized active metal catalysts.
It is also possible to use these materials to immobilize other organic compounds. Acids or amines can be coupled as esters or amides by using an appropriate activation chemistry (eg carbodiimide, or by in-situ creation of the acid chloride).

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> PL-MeMal Resin

Polystyrene supported carboxylic acid is conventionally prepared via lithiation of polstyrene followed by addition of carbon dioxide, or via oxidation of chloromethylpolystyrene. Such materials have been employed as quenching agents following Grignard reactions, for example, decomposing excess organometallic species and simultaneously sequestering the metal ions.
The dual carboxyl functionality of PL-Mal and PL-MeMal resins means they can act as quenching agents but have improved chelating properties. This leads to the possibility of using these products for preparing immobilized active metal catalysts.
It is also possible to use these materials to immobilize other organic compounds. Acids or amines can be coupled as esters or amides by using an appropriate activation chemistry (eg carbodiimide, or by in-situ creation of the acid chloride).

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> PL-Mukaiyama Resin

The solution phase variant of polymer supported Mukaiyama reagent (N-methyl-2-chloropyridinium iodide) has been used for several years to aid the formation of amides, esters, guanidines and carbodimides through dehydration.

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> PL-OH Resin

PL-OH MP-Resin is a versatile polymer supported base and is a source of hydroxide ions. It is also useful for producing other quaternary ammonium resins by counter ion exchange.

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> PL-RuO₄ Resin

PL-RuO4 MP-Resin is a supported oxidizing agent attached to a specially prepared ion exchange resin, optimized for small molecule synthesis applications.

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> PL-TBD Resin

PL-TBD Resin is a polymer supported strong base, which can be employed where MTBD would otherwise be employed. It can be used to promote or accelerate reactions, remove excess reagents or acidic byproducts.
Care should be taken to ensure that the free base form and the resultant salt complex are both well solvated in the reaction solvent.
PL-TBD MP is a macroporous material suitable for use with protic, polar and apolar solvents. This reagent can also be used to effectively scavenge Platinum, Palladium and Tin species from organic solution.

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> PL-TEA Resin

A polymer-supported triethylamine.

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> PL-TFP Resin

PL-TFP Resin enables the preparation of the solid supported equivalent of Pfp esters.
Pfp esters have long been used in the field of peptide synthesis as a means of providing stable activated carboxylic acid derivatives. PL-TFP Resin can be used in the same way, as a means of preparing activated intermediates, which can be stored if not required for immediate use.
Carboxylic acids may be loaded onto PL-TFP Resin using conventional carbodiimide coupling. Sulfonyl chlorides can be used to provide solid supported sulfonic acid derivatives. Reaction of either species with amines results in the corresponding carboxamide or sulfonamide being generated. Any excess active ester remains bound to the resin.

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> PL-TPP Resin

PL-TPP (Triphenylphosphine) Resin is prepared by a unique proprietary copolymerization technique ensuring precise control over loading and offering exceptional reproducibility. Polymer supported triphenylphosphine is used in a wide range of applications including Wittig chemistry, Mitsunobu chemistry, halide exchange and also in supporting various types of metal catalyst.

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> PL-TPPO Resin

PL-TPPO (Triphenylphosphine oxide) Resin can easily be converted to a polymer supported triphenylphosphine ditriflate species upon treatment with triflic anhydride. This species can then be used as a dehydrating reagent in a variety of organic transformations such as amide and ester bond formation and aza-Mitsunobu chemistry.
Another very powerful application of this polymeric ditriflate species is the ability to synthesize sulfonamide compounds from the direct coupling of sulfonic acids and amines.
PL-TPPO Resin is manufactured from the PL-TPP triphenylphosphine base resin. This is manufactured by proprietary copolymerization techniques, which result in an ultra pure resin free of organic and inorganic impurities and leachables.

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